A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among the students studying in selected school at Damoh

 

Mrs. Shweta Grigson

Professor, HOD, MSN Department, Jabalpur Institute of Health Sciences, Jabalpur (M.P.)

 

ABSTRACT:

Introduction: The word HIV/AIDS has dominated the media day in and day out, news is up as to how the pandemic is ravaging the whole world particularly at risk are the children and young people. In this most of confusion and frustration one cannot really afford to turn a blind eye on this serious problem. As there is no cure forHIV/AIDS, the only hope is “Awareness” so that people can adequately protect themselves. A study was undertaken “To assess the effectiveness of planned teaching program me on knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among the students studying in selected school at Damoh. Methodology: An evaluative research approach with one group pre-test, post-test design was used for the study. The sample was consisting of 100 students who are studying in higher secondary in Nav Jagriti school at Damoh. They were chosen by Non probability purposive sampling technique. Result: The present study Further to know the statistically significance between pre-test and post-test knowledge score ‘t’ test was computed The post test knowledge score (20.94) of student nurses were found to be significantly higher than there mean pre test knowledge score (14.38) These suggested the effectiveness of planned teaching program me in increasing the knowledge of students regarding HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: It is statistically proved and concluded that the planned teaching programme on knowledge regardingHIV/AIDS, is highly effective for improving the knowledge score of students studying in higher secondary school.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION:

India is one of the largest and most populated country in the world. Indians are currently living with HIV/AIDS and are also vulnerable to HIV infection than other population in the world because of the protective gene marker against HIV-1 is virtually absent in India and malnutrition making the population more at risk. The seriousness of AIDS problems is suggested in a WHO report which states that by 1985 one third of all the pregnant women and their husbands at Bombay may become infected with the Aids virus and one third to one half of these women will deliver children who will have AIDS. (Josephine J. Mary 2010)

 

Inference with the body ability to effectively fight off viruses, bacteria and fungi that causes disease. This makes the individual more susceptible to certain types of cancer and to opportunistic infection body would normally resist such as pneumonia and meningitis. The viruses and infection are itself known as HIV/AIDS as it opens the way for many other diseases. Young people may also face the increased risk of HIV/AIDS by virtue of their social position, unequal life chances, rigid and stereotypical and gender roles, poor access to educational and health services. (CKJ Panikar 2006). Thus it is necessary for the younger generation to understand the seriousness of the HIV/AIDS and fight against the killer disease to promote the well being of the people.

 

METHODOLOGY:

The research method adopted for the study was an evaluative approach. Since the study aims at evaluating the effects of a planned teaching programme on knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS among students studying in higher secondary school. The research design selected for this study was a pre- Experimental, one group pre-test post-test design. The study was conducted at Nav Jagriti school at Damoh. The reliability correlation co-efficient for the quality of life was calculated by using Karl Pearson's formula. The reliability coefficient was found to be r=0.92 which proved that the tool was highly reliable. No modification was made. Thus, tool was found to be valid, reliable and feasible for the purpose of study. 100 students who are studying in higher secondary school at selected school in Damoh. Sample was taken by Non -probability Sampling technique. The collected data was organized and analyzed according to the objective of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics.

 

RESULT:

Main findings are discussed under the following headings:

 

Section I: To find out the demographic variables in order to identify the characteristic and features of the samples and the assessment of pre test and post test knowledge.

 

Frequency and percentage distribution of socio demographic variables of students studying in higher secondary school in pre test:

1.     Out of 100 subjects 48(48%) were in the age group of 15 to 16 years.

2.     Majority of subjects52 (52%) were female

3.     Majority of the religion in the subjects 39 (39%) were Hindu.

4.     Majority of domicile in the subjects 72 (72%) live in the urban.

5.     Majority of the subjects 53 (53%) live in the nuclear family.

6.     Majority of the subjects in the father education 44 (44%) were post graduate.

7.     Majority of the subjects in the mother education 28 (28%) were collegial and 28 (28%) were secondary education.

8.     Majority of the subjects in the father occupation 40(40%) were government employee.

9.     Majority of the subjects in the mother occupation 42(42%) were housewife.

10. Majority of the subjects in the source of previous knowledge 38(38%) were mass media.

 

Section –II: The assessment of the knowledge in pre-test and post test and comparison between tests scores to assess the effectiveness of the planned teaching programme.

 

Table 2 - Frequency and percentage distribution of pre and post test scores of studied subjects:

Knowledge Score	Mean ±SD	Difference of the means	‘t’ Value	Degree of Freedom	P value
Pre-test	14.38+ 3.386	6.54	27.01	59 (‘’t’’ value 2.00)	P <0.0001
Post-test	20.92 ± 9.981

 

Mean and SD of pre-test and post-test were compared and students ‘t’ test was applied, it can be clearly seen that the ‘t’ value was 27.01 and the p value was > 0.05, which clearly shows that planned teaching program me was effective in the knowledge of HIV/AIDS among students studying in higher secondary school.

 

DISCUSSION:

In order to find the relationship between pre-test knowledge score and selected demographic variables chi-square test was used. It can use the analysis (_2/6=11.40) shows that there was significant association for 6 (12.59) degrees of freedom at the p>0.05 level of significance between pre-test knowledge score of age. It can use the analysis (_2/6=12.76) shows that there was significant association for 6 (12.59) degrees of freedom at the p>0.05 level of significance between pre-test knowledge score of source of previous knowledge. There was a significant increase in the knowledge of the subjects after introduction of planned teaching programmed, the mean pre test value is 14.38 and the mean post test value is 20.92 which indicated a significant increase in the knowledge of students regarding HIV/AIDS.

 

CONCLUSION:

After the detailed analysis this study leads to the conclusion that students in the higher secondary did not have 100% improvement in knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. They require further education and information because all of them need to enhance their knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS. Thus, it is concluded that planned teaching program me on HIV/AIDS is effective as a teaching strategy. Most of the selected demographic variables do not show a major role in the pretest knowledge score. Hence on the basis of above findings it could be concluded undoubtedly that the written material prepared by the investigator in the form of planned teaching program me helped the students to improve their knowledge regarding HIV/AIDS.

 

RECOMMENDATION:

On the basis of the study the following recommendation are offered for further research:

●      The study can be replicated on a large sample of students selected from various other schools; there by finding can be generalized to a larger population.

●      A similar study may be conducted using a pre-test, post-test, control group design.

●      A similar study can be carried out by using other teaching strategies i.e. self-instructional module, compute-assisted instruction and video assisted teaching on HIV/AIDS among college students.

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Anahita Tavoosi, Azadeh Zaferani, Anahita Enzevaei, Parvin Tajik and Zahra Ahmadinezhad, Knowledge and attitude towards HIV/ AIDS among Iranian students, BMC Public Health, 2004, 4:17.

2.      Basawanthappa.BT, Nursing research, New Delhi, Jaypee Brothers, India: 2001 41, Facilitators and barrier to HIV screening: Aqulitative meta- synthesis, qual health res (2016)26 (3) 294-306.

3.      Cemba Ana, knowledge and attitude and practice linked to HIV prevention in young children and adolescents in Lunda, UNICEF, Apr 2003.

4.      Guam Department of Public Health and social services Bureau of Communicable Disease Control, HIV/AIDS Case Surveillance Report March 2013.

5.      Mrs Sunil Kumari. K, Comprehensive Nursing care of people living with HIV or AIDS, nutrition care of patient with HIV/AIDS, Nursing Times, 4.

6.      Mukherjee S. SikdarDP (2005), Impact of education status on Aids awareness and attitude, Indian Journal, 97-98.

7.      Pranee Liamputtong,” Children, Young People and HIV/ AIDS: A Cross- Cultural Perspective” Date: 15 June 2016.

8.      Lippincott (2003), Manual of Nursing practice, 7^th Edition, 928.

 

 

Received on 03.07.2019         Modified on 20.07.2019

Accepted on 31.07.2019       ©A&V Publications All right reserved